弊大：

1:环境污染.这个是最直接的也是最显眼的坏处.

2:物种灭绝加快.这是由环境污染和人类的捕杀所造成的.也属于科技发展的坏处.

3:人身安全越来越没保障.现在平均每天都有数以万计的犯罪行为发生.而其犯罪手段大多都与当下时新科技相关.尤其是枪械犯罪,更是让普通人民防不胜防.而从第二次世界大战我们已经可以看出,随着科技的发展,现在的战争所造成的破坏与损失以远远不是以前可比.甚至有可能造成人类灭亡的命运.

4:人类身体素质大不如前.随着科技发展,气车,火车,飞机等各种交通工具的出现使人类的日常生活发生了重大改变,人类已经不再总是依赖自己的两条腿,因而现在的人类的身体素质和以前相比已经是不能相提并论.以前项羽"力拔山河气盖兮"在当今的社会已经是不可能再出现.而这种情况继续发展下去则有可能使人的四肢萎缩,使人类出现一个新的形态.

5:各种新兴病菌不断出现,很多病菌的杀伤力已经远远超过以前的病菌的破坏力.这是由于医药科技的迅速发展加快了病毒的变种.以至于科技的发展速度已经跟不上病毒的变种速度.或许有一天人类会灭亡于某一场大的瘟疫. 每个新人对这个世随着经济的发展、人民生活节奏的加快和生活水平的提高，塑料的用量与日俱增。1996年，我国的塑料包装用量达243万吨，年平均增长率超过 20％，特别是城市、主要交通沿线、旅游景点的垃圾中塑料废弃物迅速增加。据调查，北京的生活垃圾年产量已达300万吨，其中废塑料约占3％，年增

长率达48％。沿海地区城市的垃圾中塑料成分更高，达8－10％。这些废 塑料在垃圾中占的比例若以体积计算，已达三分之一以上，而且大大增加了 垃圾处理的难度和费用

辩论 合作与竞争 (用英语)

一辩：FIRST DEBATER

二辩：SECOND DEBATER

对方辩友，my fellow debaters

开始的陈词，Honorable judges, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen.....后来的部分就和一般的议论问差不多了。

然后加点题外话：陈述的时候一定要自信，把握好时间，如果到后来时间到，你却没陈述完的时候也要保持自信，微笑，不管他们，把话说完，所以陈述部分的最后几句一定要背熟练。别忘了说THANK YOU。

如果想要驳斥对方的逻辑，进行假设：according to your logic

反对 object to

观点 opinion

总结 summary

辩论常用短语荟萃

1. stating an opinion 陈述观点

a. in my opinion… 我的意见是……

b. personally I think…… 我个人认为……

c. I believe that…… 我相信……

d. I think that…… 我觉得……

e. the point is that…… 关键是……, 要点是.....

f. if you ask me…… 如果你问我……

g. I’d like to say this： …… 我会这样说……

h. I’d like to point out that 我想指出的是……

i. speaking for myself 站在自己的立场上说……

j. as far as I’m concerned， … 就我而言，……

k. in my experience… 根据我的经验……

2. challenging an opinion 质疑某种观点

a. that can’t be true 那不可能是真的。

b. but what about…？ 但关于……方面呢？

3. clarifying a point 阐述观点

a. what I said was… 我刚才说的是……

b. what I mean to say was… 我的意思是说……

c. let me repeat what I said. 让我重复我刚才所说的。

d. let me rephrase what I said. 让我重申刚才所说的。

4. agreeing with an opinion 同意观点

a. of course 当然。

b. right. 是的。

c. exactly. 对。

d. that’s true. 是那样。

e. so do I. （neither do I.） 我也这样认为。（不这样认为。）

f. I agree completely. 我完全赞同。

g. I agree with you entirely. 我完全同意你所说的。

h. you’re absolutely right. 显然你是对的。

i. that’s a good point. 这个看法不错。

j. I couldn’t agree with you more. 我绝对赞成你。

k. that’s just what I think. 我就是那样认为的。

l. I feel the same way. 我也持同样的想法。

5. disagreeing with an opinion 反对意见。

a. however， … 然而……

b. I’m afraid i disagree. 恐怕我是持反对意见的。

c. I don’t think so. 我不那样认为。

d. I don’t think… 我认为……不是那样的。

e. on the other hand… 另一方面……

f. on the contrary. 相反的。

g. that’s not （entirely） true. 那不（完全）正确。

h. I can’t possibly agree with you. 我不可能同意你。

i. I hate to disagree with you， but… 我不喜欢反对你，但……

j. all right， but don’t you think…？ 好吧，但难道你不觉得……

k. but that’s different. 但那是不一样的。

6. asking for an opinion 询问意见

a. well…what do you think （about…）？ …你觉得怎么样？

b. do you agree？ （don’t you agree？） 你同意吗？（你是不是同意？）

c. what’s your view on the matter？ 就这件事你的看法呢？

d. how do you see it？ 你怎么看它？

e. let’s have your opinion. 让我们听听你的意见！

f. do you think that…？ 你认为……吗？

7. summarizing a discussion 讨论总结

a. then we agree. 然后我们取得一致。

b. basically we’re in agreement. 我们基本上有共识。

c. I think we have agreed to disagree. 我想我们有相同点和不同点。

d. I see we have different opinions. 我知道我们意见有分歧

可以用cooperation and competition 做题目

Competition not forget cooperation, "is to help students on the proper treatment of the life of competition and cooperation, in the competition Institute, in cooperation cooperation in competition, because competition in modern society has established cooperation, competition and cooperation is everyone's face common task. only the correct understanding and handling the relationship between competition and cooperation can establish the correct sense of competition and cooperation concept. project from the level of the contents of the following two components.

The first level "thanks opponent," and the main competition is to help students understand the significance of a positive and train the students to the Italian competition

Know and learn in cooperation competition.

(1) reflects the daily life of the school competition in the four photos, including knowledge contests, football matches, tug-of-war competitions and examinations, and then guide the students to observe, cited competition in the life phenomenon, as people cut the level of content.

(2) Aggregate outlined: competition and cooperation companions accompanied, competition is the life of a universal phenomenon, the natural world and human society there is a fierce competition, and competition in a variety of forms.

(3) cited a case in a big city in the north, Wang Zhao, the two businessmen competition case, naturally raised explore the question: If the market competition is fierce and cruel, then why should help Wangjingli opponent for opponents ? On this basis, the teaching body pointed out: We need cooperation, but also competition. If there is no competition, the lack of cooperation will be the vigor and vitality will become a backwater.

(4) outlined the positive role of competition:

A. Competition can stimulate individual initiative and enthusiasm and increase the efficiency and effectiveness of learning, to the potential of filling

At play, so that people keep making progress, and progressive;

B. Second, in comparison with competitors, to discover its own deficiencies, and each other, so that their own progress and develop faster. Each other, work together, is that we cooperation competing objectives.

(5) set up a small column "celebrity saying, quote Lenin's words further explanation of competition, there are other positive role to help them establish a sense of competition.

(6) set up a small column "Links" animal sector borrowing things: an animal if there is no opponent, it will become stagnant; Similarly, a person has no rival, he will GAN: mediocrity, you lazy , which eventually led to Yonglu inaction.

(7) in the form of a comic reflection of the students: "encountered in their own lives in what kind of competitors? Look at what is the''competitors through preliminary activities so that students know: how to deal with life and the relationship between the rivals, and thus the natural transition to the next level of learning.

The second level "competition is the best win-win results." The main level is to help students correctly understand the competitive and cooperative relationship of dialectical unity of the competition did not forget to cooperation, and cooperation for a win-win competition.

(1) cited a Vacuum Flask plant used false advertising and unfair means competition example, to allow students to think the issues discussed:

A. Say: are you in favour of the plant means of competition? Understanding of what is the purpose of the plant's competitiveness?

B. Proposed a discussion: How should we deal with the right competition in the social life? First, the problem of a certain insulation against the practices of the plant, the problem is to guide the students on how to conduct a competition in the discussion.

(2) Summary: First, the competitiveness of cooperation not only caused collaboration both sides will suffer, especially the kind of home regardless of the moral unfair competition, the ultimate result can only be a harm to others, education students to oppose unfair competition, : the sense of competition. Second, competition and cooperation is the unity of opposites, in the cooperation in the competition, the competition in cooperation, education students compete not forget cooperation. This is because, competition and cooperation are unified. Cooperation can not competition, is not competitive revitalize cooperation, and cooperation in order to better competition, better cooperation, the stronger the force, the greater the likelihood of success; competition can not cooperation, cooperation for the competition is weak competition alone, is "life-and-death" or a lose-lose.

(3) cited an example of friendly competition department stores, the company is not taken the initiative to squeeze opponents but opponents extend the hand of friendship, and the result is to win the support of many competitors. In this case set to start thinking:

A. The department store is how to handle relations with competitors?

B. In the next life, intends to how to deal with the relationship between competition and cooperation? Guide students sentiment outstanding competitors always competitive as a pleasure.

C. On the competitors can not mutually exclusive, resulting in a lose-lose, and to promote each other, and to raise the "win-win" concept, pointing out that a "win-win competition is the best result, good cooperation to create a win-win situation. If we in the legal and moral to the extent permitted , the basis of equality, fairness and integrity to carry out the principle of competition: In the process of mutual encouragement and help from each other, everyone will gain, can be improved, this is the essence of cooperation in the competition. final advocacy students it is necessary to establish and be pioneers, not far behind the competitive spirit, but also foster collaboration, cooperation and mutual assistance awareness. this is the level of conclusion, is "competition not forget cooperation," the end result of this project.

(4) created a problem situation to enable students to "talk about: cooperation is important, or competitive focus.

This event is to the interest of students, competition understanding of the importance of awareness. In fact, cooperation and competition are important

The key is to guide students in real life how to correctly handle the relationship between competition and cooperation

竞争不忘合作"，主要是帮助学生正确对待生活中的竞争与合作，学会在竞争中合作，在合作中竞争。因为，现代社会既有竞争又有合作，竞争与合作是每个人都面临的共同课题。只有正确认识和处理竞争与合作的关系，才能树立起正确的竞争意识与合作观念。本项目由以下两个层次的内容组成。

第一层次“感谢对手"，主要是帮助学生了解竞争具有积极的意义，培养学生的竞争意

识，学会在合作中竞争。

（1）呈现了反映学校日常生活竞争现象的四幅照片，包括知识竞赛、足球比赛、拔河比赛和考试，然后引导学生观察、列举生活中的竞争现象，以此切人本层次内容。

（2）总结概述指出：竞争与合作相伴相随，竞争也是生活中的一种普遍现象，自然界和人类社会都存在着激烈的竞争，竞争的形式多种多样。

（3）列举了一个发生在北方某大城市里王、赵两商家竞争的事例，自然而然地提出了探究的问题：既然市场竞争是激烈而残酷的，那么王经理为什么还要帮助对手、感谢对手呢?在此基础上，教材正文指出：我们需要合作，也需要竞争。如果没有竞争，合作就会缺乏生机与活力，就会变成一潭死水。

（4）概述了竞争的积极作用：

A．竞争能激发个人的主动性和积极性，提高学习效率和工作效率，促使人的潜力得到充

分发挥，使人们不断进取，奋发向上；

B．二是在与竞争对手的比较中，能发现自身的不足，取长补短，使自己进步、发展得更快。取长补短、携手共进，是我们在合作中竞争的目标。

（5）设置了小栏目“名人名言，引用列宁的话进一步说明竞争还有其他的积极作用，从而帮助学生树立竞争意识。

（6）设置了小栏目“相关链接”，借用动物界的事物说明：一种动物如果没有对手，就会变得死气沉沉；同样，一个人没有对手，那他就会甘：平庸，养成惰性，最终导致庸碌无为。

（7）通过漫画的形式提出了学生反思的问题：“自己在生活中遇到过什么样的竞争对手?又是怎样看待竞争对手的’’通过活动使学生初步懂得：生活中应如何处理与对手的关系，从而也自然地过渡到下一层次的学习。

第二层次“竞争最理想的结果是双赢”。本层次主要是帮助学生正确认识竞争与合作的辩证统一关系，使之竞争不忘合作，合作竞争求双赢。

（1） 列举了某保温瓶厂利用虚假广告宣传等不正当手段进行竞争的实例，提出让学生思考讨论的问题：

A．说一说：你赞成该厂的竞争手段吗?是怎样认识该厂的竞争目的的?

B．议一议：我们应怎样正确对待社会生活中的竞争?问题一是针对某保温 厂的做法提出的，问题二是引导学生就如何进行竞争展开讨论。

（2）总结：一是没有合作的竞争只能造成协作双方的两败俱伤，特别是那种置道德不顾的不正当竞争，其最终结果只能是害人害己，教育学生要反对不正当竞争，：竞争意识。 二是竞争与合作是对立统一的关系，在合作中有竞争，在竞争中有合作，教育学生竞争不忘合作。因为，竞争与合作是统一的。合作不能没有竞争，没有竞争合作是一潭死水，合作是为了更好地竞争，合作越好，力量越强，成功的可能性就越大；竞争不能没有合作，没有合作作竞争是孤单的无力的竞争，是“你死我活”或两败俱伤。

（3） 举了一家百货公司友好竞争的事例，该公司不是挤压对手而是主动向对手伸出友谊之手，结果是赢得了许多竞争者的支持。以这个案例为切入点设置了思考的问题：

A． 该百货公司是怎样处理与竞争对手关系的?

B． 在今后生活中，打算怎样处理竞争与合作的关系?引导学生感悟优秀的竞争者总是把竞争看成是乐事。

C． 阐述了竞争对手不能相互排斥，造成两败俱伤，而要相互促进、共同提高的“双赢”理念，指出了“双赢是竞争最理想的结果，良好的合作创造双赢。我们只要在法律和道德允许的范围内，按照平等、公平、诚信的原则去进行竞争，：在这过程中双方相互激励、相互帮助、取长补短，大家都会有所收获，都能得到提高，这才是竞争中合作的真谛。最后倡导学生既要树立敢为人先、不甘落后的竞争精神，又要树立协作、互助的合作意识。这既是本层次的结束语，也是“竞争不忘合作"这一项目的落脚点。

（4）创设了一个问题情境，让学生“说一说：是合作重要，还是竞争重点。

这个活动主要是为了加深学生对合作、竞争重要性的理解认识。其实合作与竞争都重要

，关键是引导学生在现实生活中如何正确处理竞争与合作的关系